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Technical
Information for D-2 Tool Steel
 | D-2 is an air-hardening, high carbon/chromium steel with great
hardness and resistance to abrasion D-2 is also practically free of change in size or
shape after proper heat treatment. Typical analysis is shown in the chart below: |
| Carbon |
Silicon |
Manganese |
Chromium |
Molybdenum |
Vanadium |
| 1.50% |
0.3% |
0.50% |
12.00% |
0.80% |
0.90% |
| D-2 is used in applications requiring sharp cutting
edges, wear and pressure resistance.Typical applications are
 | Taps |
| Drawing Dies |
| Forming/Blanking Dies |
| Trimming Dies |
| Coining Dies |
| Gages |
| Master Tools |
| Thread Rolling Dies |
|
| Heat Treatment
| Forging:
 | Preheat slowly to 1300ºF - 1400º F until piece is
thoroughly heated through, then increase heat to 1850ºF - 1925ºF. |
| DO NOT hot work D-2 below 1700ºF - reheat as
necessary. |
| After finish forging, allow D-2 to equalize to approximately
1400ºF - 1500ºF and then cool slowly in ashes, lime, etc. |
| Anneal as soon as possible. |
|
| Annealing:
| Surface protection - Anneal in controlled
atmosphere furnace or pack in an inert material. |
| Slowly heat D-2 to 1550º - 1600º |
| Allow to cool at rate of 20ºF per hour to 1000ºF. |
| Remove from furnace at 600ºF, and allow to air cool. |
| Annealed hardness ranges between 210 - 240 Brinell. |
| Stress Relieving: Hold tool at 1200ºF -
1300ºF for 1 - 2 hours, cool slowly in furnace to 900ºF, then air cool to eliminate
distortion in hardening. |
|
| Hardening:
| Pack in inert mat'l or use controlled atmosphere
furnace. |
| Pre-heat slowly to 1200ºF - 1250ºF, and ensure
equal temperature throughout the piece. |
| Increase heat more rapidly to 1825ºF-1875ºF. |
| Hold steel at temperature for one hour per inch
of maximum thickness. |
| Remove the piece from the furnace (or the
container, if packed), allow to cool is still air or mild dry air blast to 150ºF. Temper
at once. |
| For extremely large pieces, oil quenching may be used
to achieve higher hardness and wear resistance. Quench at 1800ºF, hold in oil bath until
piece reaches 1000ºF - 1200ºF, remove and allow to cool in air. Oil temperature should
be 150ºF. |
|
| Tempering:
| Temper immediately when piece reaches 150ºF or when
comfortably hand-held. |
| Tempering Temperatures vary by tool usage:350ºF-
maximum compressive strength. 400ºF- maximum hardness and wear resistance 550ºF-
good toughness/hardness balance900-950ºF- good toughness, no size change |
| Heat slowly to temperature, hold tools at heat for 2
hours per inch of maximum thickness. |
| Avoid tempering temperature range of 600 - 750ºF
because of decreased ductility. |
|
| Physical & Mechanical Properties (approx.)
| Density, lb. per cu in: .2778 |
| Specific gravity 7.69 |
| Critical points: |
| Heating (Ac) 100º/hr - begins 1490ºF; ends 1525ºF |
| Cooling (Ar) 50º/hr - begins 1440ºF; ends 1415ºF |
|
| Sub-Zero Treatment:
| Chilling to -60ºF after cooling from hardening
temperature results in very high hardness. |
| Dimensions expand approximately 0.002 inches. |
| Tempering at 300ºF or 400ºF result in Rc 65 or
63. |
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|
| Mean Thermal Coefficient of
Expansion: |
| Range °F |
Coefficient x 106 in./in./°F |
Range °F |
Coefficient x 106 in./in./°F |
| 70-200 |
5.77 |
70-900 |
6.86 |
| 70-300 |
6.09 |
70-1000 |
6.99 |
| 70-400 |
6.36 |
70-1100 |
7.09 |
| 70-500 |
6.40 |
70-1200 |
7.17 |
| 70-600 |
6.51 |
70-1300 |
7.24 |
| 70-700 |
6.75 |
70-1400 |
7.29 |
| 70-800 |
6.85 |
70-1499 |
7.41 |
For More Information please call or fax us at
800-654-2901 (fax) 860-684-6354
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